Class 10 CBSE Science Biology Chapter Life Processes
100+ MCQ Terms
1) The photosynthate moves in the phloem tissues in the form of Sucrose.
2) In case of saprotrophs the process of digestion occurs outside the body.
3) Tubule the part of nephron allows the selective reabsorption of useful substances like glucose, amino acids and water into the blood capillaries.
4) The process of conversion of glucose into pyruvic acid occurs in cytoplasm.
5) The muscular walls of ventricles are thicker than auricles.
6) Valves stop the backflow of the blood.
7) Artificial kidney is a device used to remove nitrogenous waste products from the blood through dialysis.
8) Reabsorption does not occur in artificial kidneys.
9) Gases exchange happens in the alveoli of lungs.
10) Urinary bladder stores urine.
11) Xylem is the tissue in plant which helps in transporting water and minerals in plants.
12) Transpiration is the loss of water in leave in the form of water vapour.
13) Movements of food in plants is known as translocation.
14) Phloem is the tissue in plants which help in moving of food in plants.
15) Blood contains (55%-60%) of plasma and (40%-45%) of blood cells.
16) Plasma:- Fluid portion of blood contains : 91%-92% of water albumin and globulin protein, hormones & clotting factors.
17) RBC:- Transports oxygen from the lungs to all tissues of the body and return carbon dioxide back to the lungs.
18) WBC:- Protect against diseases.
19) RBC's are maximum in blood cells.
20) Platelets are least in blood cells.
21) RBC's has a red colored pigment called haemoglobin.
22) Platelets help in clotting when bleeding occurs.
23) Functions of Blood:-
i) Transportation of oxygen from lungs to organs.
ii) Transportation of CO2 from tissues to the lungs.
iii) Transportation of excretory material from the tissues/liver to the kidneys.
iv) Transportation of digested food from the small intestine to the tissues.
v) Transportation of hormones.
vi) Formation of clots to prevent blood loss.
vii) Distribution of heat and temperature control.
viii) Prevention from injection and helps in wound healing.
24) Blood Vessels
i) Arteries- These are the vessels which carry blood from the heart to various organs of the body.
ii) Veins- They collect the blood from the different parts of the body and pour it into the heart.
iii) Capillaries- These are smallest blood vessels and have single cell thick wall.
25) Pure Blood- blood carrying oxygen. Arteries carry pure blood.
26) Impure Blood- blood carrying carbon dioxide. Vein carry impure blood.
27) The exit of unabsorbed food materials is regulated by Anal sphincter.
28) The process of conversion of glucose into Pyruvate occurs in cytoplasm.
29) Lactic acid get accumulated in the leg muscles that causes cramp.
30) In the cardiac cycle, diastole is the relaxation period after contraction of the heart.
31) Small Intestine-
- It is the longest part of alimentary canal.
- It is a narrow tube of about 6 meter which lies coiled in the abdomen.
- The length of small intestine varies in different animals depending on the type of food they eat.
32) The purpose of making urine is to filter out waste products from the blood.
33) Bowman's capsule: It is a double walled cup shaped structure present at the upper end of the nephron.
34) Glomerulus: These are a bundle of blood capillaries present in the Bowman's capsule. One end of the glomerulus is attached to the renal artery (it brings dirty blood containing wastes into the kidney) and the other is attached to the renal vein (it carries away the clean blood from the kidney). The function of glomerulus is to filter the blood passing through it.
35) Tubule: It consists of proximal convoluted tubule, Henle's loop and distal convoluted tubule. The function of tubule is re-absorption of useful substances such as glucose and amino acids into the blood capillaries.
36) Sucrose is transferred into phloem tissue using energy from ATP.
37) The amount of water reabsorbed depends on how much excess water there is in the body, and on how much of dissolved waste there is to be excreted.
38) The process of maintaining the right amount of water and proper ionic balance in the body is called osmoregulation.
39) The biological process of removal of toxic wastes from the body is called excretion.
40) Ventricles have thicker muscular walls.
41) Fishes have only two chambers to their hearts, and the blood is pumped to the gills, is oxygenated there, and passes directly to the rest of the body.
42) Blood goes only once through the heart in the fish during one cycle of passage through the body.
43) Animals like amphibians or many reptiles have three chambered hearts.
44) The heart is a muscular organ which is as big as our fist.
45) The human heart consists of four chambers.
46) Leaves make starch as a food.
47) Starch gives a blue-black colour with a iodine solution.
48) The leaves which are partly green and partly white are called variegated leaves.
49) Stomata:-
⦁ The singular of stomata is stoma.
⦁ Stomatal pore is surrounded by a pair of guard cells.
⦁ The opening and closing of stomatal pores is controlled by the guard cells.
⦁ When water flows into the guard cells, they swell, become curved and cause the pore to open.
⦁ When the guard cells lose water they shrink, become straight and close the stomatal pore.
⦁ The gases exchange occurs in plants through stomata.
50) Most of the digestion and absorption of the food takes place in the small intestine.
51) The inner lining of the small intestine has numerous finger-like projections called villi which increase the surface area for absorption.
52) In human circulatory system valves ensure that the blood does not flow backwards.
53) Valves location:-
⦁ Tricuspid Valve- located between the right atrium and the right ventricle.
⦁ Pulmonary Valve- located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.
⦁ Mitral Valve- located between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
⦁ Aortic Valve- located between the left ventricle and aorta.
54) In yeast anaerobic process takes place during fermentation.
55) Sequence of body parts in human alimentary canal :- Mouth Oesophagus Stomach Small Intestine Large Intestine.
56) In earthworms the tubular structures called nephridia respiration.
57) Glycolysis occurs in cytoplasm.
58) Glycolysis happens in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
59) Formation of pyruvate from glucose is called glycolysis.
60) Lizard and frog have 3 chambered heart.
⦁ Two atria and one ventricle (amphibian and reptile).
61) Fish has 2 chambered heart.
⦁ One atrium and one ventricle.
62) Birds and mammals have 4 chambered heart.
63) The exit of undigested food is regulated by both internal and external anal spinchter.
64) Urea is formed in liver.
65) The liver produces several chemicals (enzymes) that change ammonia into a form called urea, which the body can remove in urine.
66) The blood carries waste product called urea frm the liver to the kidneys for excretion in urine.
67) Pulmonary vein brings clean blood from lungs into the heart.
68) Veins are thin, elastic and are present closer to the surface if the skin.
69) Clean blood refers to oxygenated blood.
70) The atria are connected to the ventricles through the valves.
71) Excretory unit of kidney is nephrons.
72) Nephron has a cup-shaped bag at its upper end which is called Bowman's capsule.
73) Nephron consists of a ball formed of small blood capillaries, called a glomerulus, and a small tube called renal tubule.
74) Urea, together with water and waste products, forms, the urine.
75) The components of blood which makes the antibodies is white blood cell.
76) Aorta has high blood pressure.
77) Aorta is the largest artery which supplies the oxygenated blood from the body tissues. It has the highest pressure as the left ventricle has to pump the blood to all the body parts.
78) A pair of ureter is a tube which connects the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
79) The gaseous exchange takes place in the alveoli.
80) Alveoli increases the surface area for the exchange of gases.
81) The pouch-like air sacs at the ends of the smallest bronchioles are called alveoli (singular - alveolus).
82) The walls of alveoli are very thin and they are surrounded by very thin blood capillaries.
83) There are millions of alveoli in the lungs.
84) The presence of millions of alveoli in the lungs provide a very large area for the exchange of gases.
85) Prawn is an organism that does not depend on simple diffusion of gases for breathing and respiration.
86) Prawn is an aquatic animal that respires through gills.
87) The breathing and respiration in woody stem of a plant takes place through lenticels.
88) Lactic acid increases in muscle cells when they are lacking in oxygen.
89) Respiration involves the oxidation of glucose inside mitochondria to produce energy.
90) 2:1:2:3 in each quadrant is the dental formula of human adults.
91) Amylase is secreted by saliva in humans.
92) Salivary amylase digests the starch present in food into sugar.
93) Lactic acid goes into liver to be converted into intermediate product which can further be processed into aerobic respiration.
94) During exercise, concentrations of lactic in the body do spike because the heart and liver can't deal with the waste product as quickly as it's produced.
95) The liver converts lactic acid back into sugar ; the heart converts it into pyruvate.
96) Aerobic respiration occurs in mitochondria.
97) Glucose get converted to pyruvate in anaerobic respiration in cytoplasm.
98) Glottis is a silt through which pharynx leads into trachea.
99) Larynx or voice box is an enlarged part of trachea and is covered by pieces of cartilage.
100) Trachea is the wind pipe which runs down the neck and divides into bronchi.
101) Epiglottis is a small cartilaginous flap of skin that covers the glottis while swallowing food.
102) Air enters the nasal cavity through the external nostrils.
103) The rhythmic contraction of the muscles lining the alimentary canal in order to push the food forward in a regulated manner along the digestive tube so that it can be processes properly in each part is known as peristaltic movements and these occur all along the gut.
104) Digestion of fats takes place in small intestine.
105) Cramps: When there is a lack of oxygen in our muscle cells, the pyruvate is converted into lactic acid which is also a three-carbon molecule. This build-up of lactic acid in our muscles during sudden activity causes cramps.
106) Ultrafiltration occurs between glomerulus and bowman's capsule.
107) Selective reabsorption occurs between kidney tubules and vasa recta.
108) Nearly 180 liter of blood is filtered daily by kidney and secrete only 1.4 liter to 1.5 liter urine.
109) Size of the ureter is 12cm to 15 cm.
110) Urinary Bladder is highly stretchable.
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